What characteristic is typically improved by higher density in asphalt pavements?

Higher density in asphalt pavements primarily results in improved durability. When asphalt mixes have greater density, it is typically due to a higher content of binder and/or properly graded aggregates, leading to a tight, well-compacted structure. This compaction helps to minimize air voids within the pavement.

The reduction of air voids reduces the potential for water infiltration, which can cause damage over time, such as cracking or stripping of the asphalt materials. A denser pavement also strengthens the internal structure, enabling it to better withstand repeated traffic loads, environmental factors, and weathering processes. As a result, the asphalt can maintain its performance characteristics for a longer time and require less frequent repairs or replacements.

Although factors such as flexibility, permeability, and coloration are important in the overall performance of asphalt pavements, they do not directly gain the same advantages from increased density as durability does. For instance, increased density may actually reduce permeability, which is generally beneficial for maintaining durability but may impact the flexibility of the material. Coloration is primarily influenced by the type and grade of the materials used, rather than density.