What is the leading cause of failures in asphalt pavements?

Moisture damage is recognized as the leading cause of failures in asphalt pavements due to its significant impact on the durability and longevity of the pavement structure. When water infiltrates the asphalt layer, it can weaken the bond between the aggregate and the asphalt binder. This moisture-induced damage can occur through processes such as stripping, where the binder loses its adhesion to the aggregate, leading to surface raveling and the formation of potholes.

Moreover, moisture can promote the development of other distress mechanisms, such as fatigue cracking and deformation, as it can weaken the overall structural integrity of the pavement. Therefore, managing moisture and ensuring proper drainage is critical to maintaining the performance and extending the life of asphalt pavements.

While other factors, such as excessive heat, poor mix design, and insufficient compaction, also contribute to asphalt pavement failures, moisture damage stands out as a primary factor that can exacerbate or initiate serious deterioration in the pavement system. Ensuring proper water management and using quality materials designed to resist moisture are essential strategies to mitigate these risks.